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Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN, NAMN, and β-NMN) is a nucleotide derived from ribose and nicotinamide. NMN is a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a form of niacin, also known as vitamin B3[1]. Because it is a source of cellular energy due to its role in the production of NADH/NAD+, NMN is involved in numerous cellular reactions. Inside the mitochondria, NADH is converted to NAD+ in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. NAD plays a critical role in the TCA cycle, by alternately accepting and donating an electron at various steps of the cycle. NAD+ also plays a key role in regulating enzymes called sirtuins that play an important role in DNA repair. Numerous studies, mostly done in mice and roundworms, have focused on the potential health benefits of NMN. Formally, NMN may also be known as ‘Nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide’ or ‘β-Nicotinamide ribose monophosphate’ and has the chemical formula C11H15N2O8P[2]. It occurs naturally in small amounts in dietary sources such as cabbage, avocado, and broccoli.

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References

  1. Imai S, Yoshino J. The importance of NAMPT/NAD/SIRT1 in the systemic regulation of metabolism and ageing. Diabetes, Obes Metab. 2013;15(S3):26-33.
  2. National Center for Biotechnology Information. [(2S,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-Carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dimethyloxolan-2-yl]methyl hydrogen phosphate | C13H19N2O6P - PubChem. PubChem Database.